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  • De novo germline and postzygotic mutations in AKT3, PIK3R2 and PIK3CA cause a spectrum of related megalencephaly syndromes NATURE GENETICS Riviere, J., Mirzaa, G. M., O'Roak, B. J., Beddaoui, M., Alcantara, D., Conway, R. L., St-Onge, J., Schwartzentruber, J. A., Gripp, K. W., Nikkel, S. M., Worthylake, T., Sullivan, C. T., Ward, T. R., Butler, H. E., Kramer, N. A., Albrecht, B., Armour, C. M., Armstrong, L., Caluseriu, O., Cytrynbaum, C., Drolet, B. A., Innes, A. M., Lauzon, J. L., Lin, A. E., Mancini, G. M., Meschino, W. S., Reggin, J. D., Saggar, A. K., Lerman-Sagie, T., Uyanik, G., Weksberg, R., Zirn, B., Beaulieu, C. L., Majewski, J., Bulman, D. E., O'Driscoll, M., Shendure, J., Graham, J. M., Boycott, K. M., Dobyns, W. B. 2012; 44 (8): 934-?

    Abstract

    Megalencephaly-capillary malformation (MCAP) and megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus (MPPH) syndromes are sporadic overgrowth disorders associated with markedly enlarged brain size and other recognizable features. We performed exome sequencing in 3 families with MCAP or MPPH, and our initial observations were confirmed in exomes from 7 individuals with MCAP and 174 control individuals, as well as in 40 additional subjects with megalencephaly, using a combination of Sanger sequencing, restriction enzyme assays and targeted deep sequencing. We identified de novo germline or postzygotic mutations in three core components of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway. These include 2 mutations in AKT3, 1 recurrent mutation in PIK3R2 in 11 unrelated families with MPPH and 15 mostly postzygotic mutations in PIK3CA in 23 individuals with MCAP and 1 with MPPH. Our data highlight the central role of PI3K-AKT signaling in vascular, limb and brain development and emphasize the power of massively parallel sequencing in a challenging context of phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity combined with postzygotic mosaicism.

    View details for DOI 10.1038/ng.2331

    View details for Web of Science ID 000306854700021

    View details for PubMedID 22729224

    View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3408813